Kupreeva Evgenia Alexandrovna
Educational institution: GAUDO "Center for Technical Creativity of the Bryansk Region"
Brief job description:
Publication date: 2017-01-12 Organization and holding of competitions in technical sports Kupreeva Evgenia Alexandrovna GAUDO "Center for Technical Creativity of the Bryansk Region" A manual for teachers and methodologists involved in holding competitions in auto, ship, aircraft, rocket modeling, kites, and karting.

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Organization and holding of competitions in technical sports

Technical sports are the interaction of an athlete with technical devices of varying complexity.

Sports competitions in technical sports are a bright, emotional spectacle. The pleasure that arises from the participation of the audience, which is attracted by the bold and decisive actions of the participants, their achievements.

Depending on the goals and objectives, there are various competitions in technical sports: Championships, Championships, Cups, qualifying, classification, demonstration competitions.

In terms of scale, competitions can be: International, All-Union, Republican, regional, regional and city.

By type of draw - closed (only athletes of a certain team are allowed), open (all athletes are allowed), complex (competitions in several sports).

By the nature of determining the winners, competitions are divided into personal (only the results of individual athletes are determined), team (only the results of teams are taken into account), personal-team (the results of individual athletes and individual teams are determined).

The main features of the competition are:

– strict regulation of the activities of competition participants and other persons involved in the competition;

– the presence in each competition of rivalry, competition, which manifests itself in the desire to win, to achieve the maximum result;

– high social and personal significance for each athlete of the process of wrestling and the achieved sports result;

– high emotional background of activity, caused by maximum physical and mental stress in conditions of struggle for results;

– direct interaction between competitors;

– equality of conditions and comparability of the results of each participant in the competition.

Preparation and holding of sports competitions.

Competitions are held on the basis of an approved event plan, in accordance with the regulations on the competition, rules, regulations and requirements to ensure the safety of participants and spectators.

To conduct the competition you must:

1.Develop regulations on holding competitions;

2. Prepare an order for holding competitions;

3. Appoint the chief judge and chief secretary of the competition;

4.Draw up an action plan for preparing and holding the competition:

– provision and preparation of competition venues, relevant equipment and supplies;

– development of a scenario for the opening of the competition;

– formation of a panel of judges;

– organization of work of technical and maintenance personnel;

– providing places for accommodation and meals for participants;

– acquisition (production) of award material and paraphernalia;

– preparation of competition protocol forms, tables, reports, etc.;

– provision of medical services for competitions;

– holding a seminar on competition rules with judges;

– holding a meeting of the main panel of judges together with the coaches-representatives of the teams;

– ensuring fire safety measures for the sports facility;

Ensuring compliance with law and order during competitions.

Compilation calendar plan competitions in various sports.

It indicates the name of the competition, the dates and place of its holding and those responsible for organizing and conducting it.

An important condition when drawing up a calendar plan is the traditional nature of the planned competitions in terms of dates, programs, and participants. This facilitates the organization of the educational and training process, increases the interest of athletes in them, and makes the competition more popular among spectators. If competitions are held regularly, this is an incentive for systematic training and contributes to the growth of sports results.

Compilation Provisions about competitions. It states:

1.Name of the competition.

2. General provisions.

3. Event organizers.

4.Place and timing.

5. Requirements for participants and conditions for their admission.

6.Program and procedure.

7.Conditions and application form.

8. Conditions for summing up.

9.Form of award.

10. Financing terms.

11. Ensuring the safety of participants and spectators.

Preparation venues competitions. To hold competitions, it is necessary to take care of the preparation of places, equipment and inventory in full accordance with the established rules, their quality and the required quantity.

The main document regulating the holding of competitions is competition rules. They regulate the actions of judges and participants, provide for the conditions for identifying winners, define standards of athlete behavior, and contain a list of prohibited actions that entail punishment that infringes on the interests of the team.

The main organizer and director of sports competitions, responsible for their conduct, is main judge.

The chief judge must be an impeccable expert in the rules of competition in a given sport, an honest, objective, impartial, decisive, polite, calm person who enjoys authority and respect even outside of competition.

General provisions for holding competitions.

Opening of the competition:

– formation of athletes, coaches, judges before the start of the competition;

– welcoming speeches by members of the organizing committee and guests of honor.

The introduction of participants and the panel of judges is carried out before the start of the competition, before the change and during breaks in the competition.

Closing ceremony of the competition and awarding of winners.

The awards ceremony is held at the end of the competition.

For the award ceremony, the competition participants are collected and lined up. The chief judge announces the results of the competition: awards (prizes, cups, medals, diplomas, certificates);

Summing up the results of the competition

After the completion of the competition, it is necessary to provide the trainers with final materials on the events held in the prescribed form.

Medical support for sports competitions

– ensuring control and admission to competitions only of healthy and trained participants;

– ensuring the necessary sanitary and hygienic conditions for competition participants;

– prevention of injuries and diseases;

– organizing and providing medical care to participants.

If an injury occurs or a disease appears, the doctor immediately provides assistance, establishes the cause and reports this to the chief judge, who urgently takes measures to eliminate the reasons that caused the injury or other disturbances in the health of the participants.

A very important factor for the clear organization and conduct of competitions is analysis and summing up in order to identify shortcomings, errors, and listen to the wishes of athletes, coaches, judges and other interested parties. When summing up, it is necessary to find out whether the goals have been achieved and whether the tasks have been completed.

Organizing sports events in Moscow

(We work with any budget and will always give good advice)

Friends, we are glad that you want to organize a sporting event in Moscow. Our specialists and consultants will think over the concept of a sports festival, the timing of such an event and calculate the cost.

You may ask why this needs to be done with us? We will be happy to answer:

• We have complete information about the possibilities of sports facilities and stadiums in Moscow and have “special” conditions for many of them.
• The company employs professional athletes and coaches.
• We have our own creative team, catering (catering for events), hosts, DJs and a large database of proven artists and groups for organizing sports and entertainment events. We are professional organizers of sports events.
• We can afford to be the most accessible in organizing sporting events in Moscow thanks to our experience and are ready to prove this by participating in the tender.
• The high level of service and our impeccable business reputation have brought us many famous clients.
• We have close ties with various sports federations in the country, and we can invite real judges and “stars” to a sports tournament.
• We do charity work and hold sports tournaments for Moscow orphanages.
• We are the market leader in organizing family sports events in Moscow.
• When working with us, any form of payment is possible.

For your convenience, we have developed special service packages for organizing sporting events:

Economy (cost 6,000 rubles):

1. Lead Judge
2. Prizes (3 cups + certificates)

Basic (cost 25,000 rubles):

1. Lead Judge
2. Prizes (3 cups + certificates)

(120 minutes. Depending on the chosen sport and the format of the event, the host conducts quizzes and entertaining competitions for participants and spectators)

Prestige (cost 40,000 rubles):

1. Chief Judge and Assistant
2. Prizes (3 cups + certificates)
3. DJ with full set of sound equipment
4. Help and recommendations in choosing a site
5. Reportage photography (50 processed photos)

(120 minutes. Depending on the chosen sport and the format of the event, the host conducts quizzes and entertaining competitions for participants and spectators)

VIP (cost from 150,000 rubles).

1. Chief Judge and Assistant
2. Prizes (3 cups + certificates)
3. DJ with full set of sound equipment
4. Help and recommendations in choosing a site
5. Development of the tournament concept and event timing
6. Reportage photography (100 processed photos)
7. Video filming of the event (music video covering all the main events at the festival)
8. Ordering and preparing uniforms for teams
9. Ordering and preparing artists for the holiday
10. Organization of catering (off-site catering)
11. Organization of awards ceremony and fireworks.

(Opening hours depend on the format of the event)

The cost of this service package is calculated upon request.

The agent commission is 10%.

For a more accurate calculation of the cost of a sporting event, write to us by email info@site or call us

A sports competition is a competition (rivalry) between people in a playful manner in order to determine the advantage in the degree of physical fitness and in the development of certain aspects of consciousness.

Sports competitions are used to prepare for more responsible competitions; selection, identification of sports data and sports readiness; checking the quality of educational, training and educational work; campaigning for sports, promoting the ideas of physical education and sports.

To hold competitions, it is necessary to ensure that the venues, equipment and inventory are in full compliance with the established rules, their high quality and the required quantity.

If the program includes several varieties of one sport, it is necessary to draw up a competition schedule in advance, i.e. determine the sequence and timing of each of them. Knowing the average duration of an exercise, the number of attempts and the number of participants, you can determine the total duration of the competition and create a schedule based on this.

The main document regulating the holding of competitions is the Regulations on the conduct of this competition. The competition regulations are developed and approved no later than 10-15 days before the start of the competition. Any deviations from the approved provisions are unacceptable.

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ORGANIZATION AND METHODS OF INTRA-SCHOOL COMPETITIONSAND SPORTS HOLIDAYS

INTRODUCTION

Sport is an organic part of physical culture and represents a set of material and spiritual values ​​that are created and used by society for the gaming physical activity of people, aimed at intensive specialized training for the subsequent maximum manifestation of abilities through competition in predetermined motor actions.

Therefore, sport is an activity that serves the interests of

society, implementing educational, preparatory and communicative functions, but is not a permanent specialty (profession) of a person.

This is most clearly expressed in children's sports, since the sports activities of students are extracurricular, not provided for by state plans and programs as an academic discipline of a comprehensive school and are carried out through extracurricular and extracurricular forms of work, that is, on a purely voluntary basis.

1. SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF SPORT.

Physical education and sports are closely interconnected with other aspects of education: mental, moral, labor, aesthetic and have a great influence on human development. This is due to a number of reasons. Firstly, the unity of purpose of all types of education; secondly, the dialectics of the educational process itself, during which not individual aspects of the human personality are affected, but the entire personality as a whole; thirdly, the presence of a common basis on which education unfolds, namely activity.

All types of human activity are represented in sports: cognitive, value-oriented, communication, etc. Therefore, in the process of physical education, it is possible to actively shape the consciousness and behavior of people in the right direction.

In the process of sports activities, mental education of the participants is carried out. There are two connections here: direct and indirect.

The direct connection lies in the fact that during physical education there is a direct impact on the development of the intellectual qualities of those involved. In the process of doing sports exercises, motor cognitive situations constantly arise, the solution of which requires significant mental effort: how to make the movement faster, more accurately, what needs to be done to correct the mistake made - this is a chain of mental operations, including observation, generalization, decision-making. The specificity of mental activity in the process of playing sports lies in the close interaction between body movements and mental operations: those involved continuously compare the movement program with its actual implementation. As a result, conscious connections between muscle sensations, the motor task and the method of solving it are consolidated. Movements become a way of learning and mastering the world around us.

The indirect connection between sport and the mental development of an individual is that physical exercise creates the necessary foundation in the form of good health, which allows a person to fully perform mental activity. Playing sports is often used as a means to relieve mental stress and stimulate intellectual activity.

In the process of playing sports, the moral development of those involved occurs. It is aimed at developing in a person socially valuable qualities that determine his attitude towards other people, towards society, towards himself and together represent what is commonly called moral education. This characteristic is pivotal in defining personality. Its content is determined by the moral norms prevailing in society.

Sports activities take place against the backdrop of communication, in a team, under the guidance of a teacher. It is communication that is the most powerful factor in the formation of the moral qualities of those involved; from the very beginning of playing sports, they begin to realize their involvement in the team and, in accordance with the rules and regulations, learn to manage their actions, correlate them with the actions of others. In this way, the will is strengthened, discipline is developed, and the habit of observing the norms of moral behavior is formed.

Games and sports competitions contain rich opportunities for the formation of norms of collective behavior. By mastering various team functions, students learn not only to organize their behavior, but also to actively influence the actions of their comrades, perceive the tasks of the team as their own, and mobilize the activities of others in the interests of the team. Under the guidance of a coach, moral qualities are strengthened, such as responsibility to the team, a sense of duty, pride in the success of the team, school, etc.

1. COMPETITIVE METHOD.

One of the specific methods of physical education is the competitive method. The competitive method is a way of performing an exercise in the form of competition. The essence of the method is to use competitions as a means of increasing the level of preparedness of students. A prerequisite for the competitive method is the preparedness of those involved in performing the exercises in which they must compete.

In the practice of physical education, the competitive method is manifested:

1. In the form of official competitions at various levels (Olympic Games, world championships in various sports, national and city championships, qualifying competitions, etc.);
2. As an element of organizing a lesson, any physical education and sports activity, including sports training.

The competitive method allows:

Stimulate the maximum manifestation of motor abilities and identify the level of their development;

Identify and evaluate the quality of motor skills;

Provide maximum physical activity;

Promote the development of strong-willed qualities.

1. THE ESSENCE OF SPORTS COMPETITIONS

Sports competitions and traditional sports festivals held by a sports school are one of the most effective ways to attract children to regular physical education and sports. Such events help to foster collectivism, belonging, and a sense of pride in one’s school. Athletes learn to observe the traditions of the school and become familiar with its history.

Sports competition– this is a competition (rivalry) between people in a playful way with the aim of determining the advantage in the degree of physical fitness and in the development of certain aspects of consciousness.

Sports competitions are a bright, emotional spectacle. The pleasure of sports spectacles arises from the participation of the spectator in them; they contribute to the courageous and decisive actions of the participants, their high achievements.

Competitions allow solving pedagogical, sports, methodological and social problems.

During sports competitions, the same pedagogical tasks are solved as in physical education classes and sports in general, i.e. improvement of physical, technical, tactical, mental and theoretical preparedness. However, all the changes occurring in the body exceed the level characteristic of training sessions. Competitions are one of the effective measures to improve an athlete’s fitness. The importance of sports competitions for the formation of strong-willed character traits is especially great. They also contribute to the development of physical education and sports in general and allow for a pedagogical influence on spectators.

1. ORGANIZATION OF COMPETITIONS.

Sports competitions are used to prepare for subsequent, more responsible competitions; selection, identification of sports data and sports readiness; checking the quality of educational, training and educational work; campaigning for sports, promoting the ideas of physical education and sports.

Organizational and methodological measures related to the holding of sports competitions primarily include drawing up a calendar plan for competitions in a given sport. It indicates the name of the competition, the dates and place of its holding and the persons responsible for its organization. The calendar of sports competitions for each sport is compiled separately. An important condition when drawing up a calendar plan is the traditional nature of the planned events in terms of timing, programs, and persons involved. This increases children’s interest in them, facilitates the organization of the educational and training process, and makes the competition more popular among spectators. Sports competitions are an incentive for systematic training and contribute to the growth of sports results if they are held regularly. The advisability of participating in a certain number of competitions depends on the sports training of the athletes.

That is, the calendar of sports competitions must be drawn up so that the planned competitions are diverse in scale, composition of participants and conditions, traditional in terms of timing, composition, and location.

To hold competitions, it is necessary to ensure that the venues, equipment and inventory are in full compliance with the established rules, their high quality and the required quantity.

If the program includes several varieties of one sport, it is necessary to draw up a competition schedule in advance, i.e. determine the sequence and timing of each of them. Knowing the average duration of an exercise, the number of attempts and the number of participants, you can determine the total duration of the competition and create a schedule based on this.

The most important document regulating the conduct of competitions and influencing their results are the competition rules for this sport. They regulate the actions of judges and participants, provide for the conditions for identifying winners and, in addition, define the standards of behavior for an athlete, and contain a list of prohibited actions that entail punishment that infringes on the interests of the team. Thus, the athlete who has violated the rules is affected not only by the judge’s decision regarding him personally, but also by the knowledge that the team is suffering damage due to his wrong actions.

The main organizer and director of sports competitions, responsible for their conduct and, to a certain extent, for the results achieved, is a sports judge. The judge is also responsible for the health of the competition participants. In all cases where damage to the health of participants may be caused (poor condition of the training area, malfunction of equipment, inappropriate clothing and shoes, etc.), he is obliged to eliminate the shortcomings, and if this is impossible to do, cancel the competition or postpone it to another date or to another place.

A sports judge must, first of all, be an impeccable expert in the rules of competition in a given sport, an honest, objective, impartial, decisive, polite, calm person who enjoys authority and respect even outside of competition.

The organization and conduct of competitions involves careful preparation for them, holding competitions, and summing up their results.

1. COMPETITION METHODOLOGY

Preparation for the competition

Competitions are planned taking into account:

• climatic conditions;
• availability of educational, sports and material and technical base;
• availability of professionally trained specialists;
• differences in age categories of yard teams;
• availability of equipment for competition participants;
• timing and nature of competitions held by a higher sports committee, etc.

To ensure successful preparation of the event, you should:

• draw up the Regulations on the competition and send it out in a timely manner;
• draw up an estimate of the costs of holding competitions;
• identify responsible persons for preparing competition sites, refereeing, solving organizational issues, etc.;
• draw up a script for the opening and closing of the competition (who will host the parade, greet the participants, raise the flag, etc.);
• prepare participant tickets, invitation cards, posters and other promotional materials;
• provide coverage of competitions in the local newspaper, radio, TV, organize the release of photo montages;
• provide medical care for competition participants, the safety of athletes and spectators (together with internal affairs bodies);
• prepare the necessary documentation (protocols, tables), measuring instruments (stopwatches, watches, tape measures, bibs, etc.).

Before the start of the competition, it is necessary to check the preparation of the competition sites.

During competitions follows:

Enter the results of games (relay races) into the competition progress table;

Comment on the progress of the competition.

During the competition, the chief judge may call a meeting of team representatives if necessary.

On the last day of the competition, the points of each team are calculated, places are determined, programs, diplomas, commemorative pennants, tokens, prizes, etc. are prepared. Then the competition is closed and the winners are awarded.

The main document regulating the holding of competitions is the Regulations on the conduct of this competition. The competition regulations are developed and approved no later than 10-15 days before the start of the competition. Any deviations from the approved provisions are unacceptable.

The Competition Regulations must clearly state the following:

If necessary, other items can be added to the Competition Regulations depending on the scale, nature of the competition, availability of sponsors, etc.

When preparing for the competition, it is necessary to involve the following organizations:

• medical service;
• security service;
• the press;
• catering establishments, etc.

If necessary, other organizations are also involved that can provide a cultural program, prizes, etc.

Organizers of physical education or sports events determine the conditions for their holding, are responsible for their organization and conduct, have the right to suspend such events, change the time of their holding, terminate such events and approve their results. The organization and conduct of a physical education event or sports competition is carried out in accordance with the regulations (regulations) of such a physical education event or such a sports competition, approved by its organizers.

Form of a descriptive report on the holding of mass sports events

Informs

(name of the conducting organization)

that in accordance with the order (instruction) dated “___” _________20 __.

No. ___ “____” ___________________________________________ 20__

(dates of the event)

carried out(s)_________________________________________________________

(location)

(name of event)

The direct organizers of the event were ______________

Chief judge (organizer) -_______________________________________

(F. I.O., judge category)

The event was held from _____ to ________ (inclusive) hours.

The number of participants was people, including ______ people.

under the age of 18.

Composition of participants (teams) of the event ___________________________

Brief information about the actual event _______

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brief information about the opening and closing ceremonies of the event and awards _______________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Additional Information ______________________________________

Evaluation of the work of the panel of judges (for events held in the form of competitions) ___________________________________________________

Notes on the event______________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Chief judge (organizer) _____________________________________

Head of the conducting organization ________________/___________ /

Date ________________ m.p.

CONCLUSION

It should be noted that in sports competitions the same problems are solved as in physical education in general. In addition, they are an effective incentive for systematic sports activities, contributing to the development of physical culture and sports in the country.

Sports competitions are used to prepare for subsequent, more responsible competitions; selection, identification of sports data and sports readiness, quality control and educational work; agitation for sports, promotion of ideas of physical education and sports.

Bibliography.

1. Ter-Ovanesyan A. A. Pedagogical foundations of physical education. M., “Physical education and sport”, 1980.
2. Theory and methods of physical education: Textbook for faculty students. physical education ped. Institute / B. A. Ashmarin, M. Ya. Vilevsky, K. Kh. Grantyn. – M., Education, 1985.
3. Physical education in grades 5-8. Edited by S.K. Eliseeva. M., Education, 1980.
4. Physical education at school. Ed. E. I. Kuznetsova. M., Education, 1979.

The composition of the panel of judges (team) is formed in accordance with the rules of competitions in this sport.)

Types of competitions in sport swimming

Sports competition is the main system-forming and integrating factor that most significantly influences all other elements of sport. In the works of leading sports theorists, competitions are interpreted as a goal, means, method and model of training, as a powerful lever for managing a sport. Sports activity without its main component - competition - completely loses its meaning, its specificity.

Planning of the educational and training process is carried out taking into account upcoming competitions. Competitions are of great importance for the popularization of swimming and the struggle to attract the necessary contingent to practice this beloved and useful sport.

At the current level of development of swimming, competitions of any scale should be distinguished by: clear organization and conduct, objectivity of judging, interest of participants and spectators in the competition.

Depending on the goals and objectives, the following types of competitions are distinguished: Olympic Games, championships, championships, cup, match and qualifying. By level they are divided into international, all-Russian, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities, physical education and sports associations.

Swimming competitions are divided into individual, individual-team and team. In individual competitions, the results and places are counted for each individual participant. In individual team competitions, results and places are counted simultaneously for individual participants and the team as a whole, in team competitions - only for teams.

In swimming, competitions are held and world, European and Russian records are registered for women and men in the following methods and distances, m:

• 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1500;

• on the back 50, 100, 200;

• 50, 100, 200;

• 50, 100, 200;

• medley swimming 100 (only in a 25 m long pool), 200, 400;

• freestyle relay 4 x 100, 4 x 200;

• 4x100 medley relay.

Depending on the age of the participants, the goals and objectives of the competition, other distances may be included.

Records are registered separately in pools with lane lengths of 25 and 50 m. Records in Europe and Russia in 25-meter pools are also registered in the 4 x 50 m freestyle relay swimming and in the 4 x 50 m medley relay. The All-Russian Swimming Federation (RSF) registers youth Russian records (boys - 18 years old, girls - 16 years old), as well as the highest achievements in Russia for younger age groups (girls, boys).

Basic documentation

Competition schedule

Preparation for competitions for the next year begins after the completion of the previous year. The Russian Sports Committee begins to develop a calendar plan for mass sports events and transfers it to lower-level physical education organizations (regional, regional, city, local), which fill it with their competitions. This plan consists of the name and nature of the competition, the dates and place of its holding, the organizations participating in it and those responsible for its conduct. In some cases, competitions may be held that are not included in the main calendar. These can be sporting events ordered (requested) by public and legislative organizations and financed by them.

Competition Regulations

For each competition, employees of sports committees, together with the swimming federation of a given regional level, draw up a Regulation on the competition. It includes the following sections: goals and objectives; the right to hold competitions; ensuring the safety of participants and spectators; insurance of participants; time and place; competition participants; program and daily schedule; conditions; determination of winners; awarding of winners and prizewinners; deadlines and place for submitting applications for participation in competitions; financing conditions.

Simultaneously with the Regulations, the estimate for holding the competition is discussed and approved. It can be financed from the state budget, as well as from self-supporting, sponsorship and other organizations. Estimates for holding the competition in accordance with the Regulations must be approved before January 1 of the next calendar (financial) year.

The main points of the estimate are: rent of a sports facility or its reconstruction according to the necessary requirements; production of advertising materials; design of interior spaces according to the scale and age limit of the participants; expenses for purchasing award paraphernalia; payment of service personnel, etc. After the approval of the previously listed documents by the governing organization together with the presidium of the panel of judges (or the federation), chief judges are appointed for each competition, and for high-scale ones, chief secretaries are appointed, who prepare them together with the governing and conducting organizations.

The competition program and daily schedule are also determined by the Regulations on competitions, which must be approved by the relevant government body for physical culture and sports.

Age of participants, their responsibilities and admission to competitions

Rice. 10.1. Athlete's personal card

Competition participants are divided into the following age groups:

• younger - girls 11 - 12 years old and boys 13 -14 years old;

• average - girls 13 -14 years old and boys 15 -16 years old;

• senior - juniors (girls 15 - 16 years old and boys 17 - 18 years old);

• adult - women (over 16 years old) and men (over 18 years old).

Students who have passed a medical examination are allowed to participate in sports competitions. Students in preparatory and special medical groups are not allowed to participate in sports competitions. Competition participants are required to: know the rules of the competition and strictly follow them; strictly observe the rules of behavior in the pool; go to the start in an organized manner.

When a participant is introduced by an informant judge, swimmers must stand up, take a step forward, turn to face the audience, and then follow all the judges’ orders.

Before the start of the competition, it is necessary to submit a preliminary application, which confirms the participation of this organization in the competition.

Then served personal application, endorsed by the local sports committee. It is the main document allowing participation in these competitions and consists of the following items: last name, first name and patronymic of the participant; Date of Birth; sports title; name of the sports society or department; name of the sports team; trainer's name, doctor's visa. The application is signed by the team leader, representative and doctor.

Technical application is compiled immediately before submission to the panel of judges in connection with possible adjustments. It indicates at what distance each of the declared athletes will participate both in the individual program numbers and in the relay races. According to the technical application, each participant is provided with a personal (individual) athlete card; its size is 1/4 of an A4 sheet (Fig. 10.1). It must contain the following information: distance, swimming method, gender, best result of the season, last name, first name, patronymic, sports title, name of the sports society or department, or physical education team, designation of the place for the swim number and lane, last name of the coach, as well as places for subsequent recording of swim results and other data. The starting order of the participants is determined by drawing lots or based on their previous sports result. For the convenience of competitions, sports results are recorded on the athlete’s personal card.

Draw- this is the determination by random distribution of the race number, and then the lane number on which the athlete should start. With a known level of athletic preparedness of the participants, only the lane numbers are determined by lot.

Before the start of the competition, the chief judge or his authorized representative personally draws up or approves the opening and closing scenario, paying special attention to the organization and solemnity of individual parts of the competition.

1 - 2 days before the start of the competition, a joint meeting of the main panel of judges is held, consisting of the chief judge, his deputy, the chief secretary and representatives of the participating teams. It clarifies some organizational issues and announces plans for the implementation of the points in the opening and closing scenario of the competition. Then the chief secretary and his assistants accept personal and technical applications, as well as personal cards of participants, from team representatives. After this, if the competition is of a city scale or higher, a draw is carried out and starting protocols are drawn up. The Chief Secretary informs the Chief Judge about the number of participants entered for each type of program in order to calculate the time for each day of the competition. After agreeing on the duration of the competition with team representatives, a decision may be made on additional time for warm-ups in the water. The chief judge, representatives of conducting organizations and heads of sports centers make a final tour of the premises for accommodating participants, coaches, judges, spectators and guests of honor and determine the readiness of the base for the upcoming competitions.

Party costume

All participants' uniform (swimming suit, cap, goggles) must be modest, in good taste and suitable for the discipline concerned and not contain any symbols that may be offensive.

Participants in swimming competitions must compete in swimsuits approved by the International Swimming Federation. No additional equipment may be considered part of the swimming suit.

Representative

Each organization participating in competitions must have an authorized representative. The representative is the team leader. He is responsible for discipline, the health of participants and ensures their timely attendance at the start, awards, doping control, etc. A representative must be present at technical meetings held by the competition organizing committee. The representative has the right to receive information from the panel of judges on all issues related to the conduct of the competition, and from the secretariat - materials from the competition.

The representative must submit applications for the participation of teams in relay swimming along with a card index to the credentials committee; the names of the relay participants must be clarified an hour before the start of the morning (evening) part of the competition in which this relay is played.

Preparation of competition sites

The swimming pool and technical equipment must be thoroughly inspected and accepted by the chief judge of the competition before the competition. The organizing committee of the competition must have relevant documents confirming the fact of acceptance of the sports facility before the competition.

For other competitions, pools with a length of 25, 33, 33 and 50 m, having a minimum depth of 0.9 m, and at the start site of at least 1.2 m, can be used.

Composition of the panel of judges and main responsibilities of judges

The organization holding the competition appoints an organizing committee (if necessary) and a panel of judges.

The Organizing Committee has the right to decide all matters not within the competence of the referee, judges or other officials, and to give instructions in relation to any cases, in accordance with the rules.

There are two options for staffing the panel of judges:

1) selection of members of the panel of judges by the chief judge;

2) appointment of members of the refereeing team by the presidium of the panel of judges at the local federation.

Competitors cannot be judges in the same competition.

Quantitative composition of the panel of judges determined by the organization conducting the competition. It depends on the scale of the competition; at a minimum, the panel of judges (for municipal competitions) should include: the chief judge, doctor, secretary, starter, finish judge, swimming technique judge, turn judge, timekeeper judges (according to the number of lanes plus two additional ones), judge at participants. At the disposal of the panel of judges, the organizing committee allocates the commandant, workers, rescuers, radio operator, and, when using electronic recording and video recording equipment, specialists in its maintenance. When an automatic (semi-automatic) time recording system is not used at competitions, the panel of judges must include three timekeeper judges per lane and an additional two timekeeper judges.

Referee must supervise and direct all members of the judging panel, approve their appointment and instruct them on all special issues or features of the rules relating to the competition being held. He must resolve all issues arising during the competition, the final settlement of which is not provided for by the competition rules. The referee must check the readiness of the panel of judges for the competition and before each swim, having determined its readiness, allow him to give the command “Start”.

Chief Judge (Competition Director) when preparing for competitions, he must conduct his activities in two directions: staff the panel of judges for the competitions and monitor the condition of the sports base, carrying out systematic communication with its management.

Deputy Chief Judges work according to the instructions of the chief judge, and in his absence one of them replaces him.

Coordinating Judge must organize and control the interaction of teams (sections) of the panel of judges and technical services of the pool. Its main task is to ensure compliance with the regulations (schedule) for holding competitions.

Starter must install a platform on the side within 5 m from the starting edge of the pool. If an audible alarm is used, the system must be inspected by it at least 30 minutes before the first swim in order to make any necessary improvements or repairs. The system must be rechecked with the timekeepers before the start of the competition to ensure that the timekeepers can clearly see or hear the start signal and the swimmers can hear it. It is necessary to check the sound signal during a false start. The main rule when using any sound system is to always have a backup system, usually a pistol. The starter must control the swimmers from the moment they are handed over to him by the referee until the start of the race. The starter must immediately report to the referee any instances of athletes delaying the start, deliberately disobeying his orders or other violations of discipline at the start. However, only the referee can disqualify a swimmer.

The starter has the right to decide whether the start was made correctly, and this decision can only be overturned by the referee.

When it becomes obvious that it will be difficult to give the correct start due to nervous body movements or a delay in the swimmer taking the starting position, the starter must give the command “Stand up!” - in case of starting from the bedside table or “Relax!” - when starting on your back. If any of the swimmers, having heard the command “Stand up!”, entered the water, the starter and referee have the right to remove the swimmer for a false start. This may also serve as a reason for disqualification for a delayed start.

Judge at the false start cord must release the false start cord into the water in cases where the referee or starter has given a signal for a false start and the competitors must be returned back to the starting raft.

Senior judge at the finish must indicate to each judge at the finish his location and in which lanes he must register the arrival.

After each swim, the senior judge at the finish must collect signed sheets indicating the order of arrival of swimmers from all judges at the finish, establish the distribution of places in the swim and hand it over to the referee on the signed judge’s form. At the end of each race, the finish judge must record on a piece of paper the order of swimmers in the lanes assigned to him and hand it over to the senior finish judge. The finish judge, unless working with a semi-automatic placing recorder, cannot be a timekeeper for the same competition.

Swimming judges(the rules of judging are given in section 4 “Techniques of sports swimming methods, starts and turns”) must monitor the swimmers’ compliance with the requirements established by the competition rules for swimming techniques in the methods by which the swim is carried out, and also monitor the swimmers’ execution of turns and finishes, helping the judges at the turn. The swimming technique judge can best perform his or her duties by following the swimmer in line or slightly behind. If the race begins to “stretch”, the judge should take a position slightly ahead of the lagging swimmers. Turning the body will allow the judge to see all athletes. The judge must develop an algorithm for tracking athletes on the lanes, gradually moving from observing the movements of one athlete to observing the movements of an athlete on another lane. The judge's movement during the swim is the key to error-free judging for the swimming technique judge. It is recommended to appoint two judges, one on each side of the pool, as it is difficult to correctly assess swimming technique while standing in the center of the pool.

Chief turn judge and turn judges. One of the judges at the turn is appointed senior. The Chief Turn Judge must ensure that the Turn Judges perform their duties during the competition. At the starting end, these duties are entrusted to the timekeeper judges.

Judges on turns(the rules for performing turns are given in Chapter 4 “Techniques of sports swimming methods, starts and turns”) must ensure that participants comply with the appropriate rules for turning from the beginning of the last arm stroke before touching and ending with the completion of the first arm stroke after the turn. Timekeepers at the starting end of the pool must also ensure that swimmers comply with the relevant rules from the start until the completion of the first arm stroke. Turn judges at the finishing end of the pool when swimming 50m in a 50m pool must also ensure that competitors complete the course according to the applicable rules. Each judge at the turn at the starting section of the pool when judging distances of 1500 and 800 m must take into account the number of segments completed by the participant along his lane and show him special digital signs indicating the number of pool lengths remaining to the finish. At the same time, judges in swims at distances of 800 and 1500 m freestyle must give a warning signal (given by a whistle, bell or bell) at the moment when the swimmers in their lanes have two pool lengths plus 5 m left to the finish. In relay swims, judges at the starting line the site must monitor the correct change of stages, determining whether the starter is in contact with the starting block at the moment the previous swimmer touches the finish wall. When automatic equipment is used to determine the takeoff-touch moment in a relay race, the judge’s testimony must be taken into account.

Senior judge-timekeeper before the start of the competition, he must organize a check of the accuracy of the stopwatches (for which verification certificates must be available), then drawing up a report on the results of the check, instruct and distribute timekeeper judges along the lanes for which they are responsible, appointing a senior person for each (with three timekeepers ), and test the timekeepers' ability to operate stopwatches. At major competitions, three timekeepers are assigned to each lane, at other competitions - one. If an automatic recording system is not used, two additional timekeepers must be appointed to record the time of the first swimmer to finish. The senior timekeeper must have a backup stopwatch on his desk, which starts at each starting signal. The chief timekeeper must record the time recorded by the automatic recording system on the participant’s card. In the absence of this system, he must collect completed cards with recorded results from the timekeepers, check these readings with the order of arrival (finish sheet) and signal to the referee that the timekeepers are ready for the next start. The chief timekeeper must transmit to the secretariat the results of the swimmers, including the results and disqualified participants.

Timekeeper judges, each timekeeper must start his stopwatch at the start signal at the moment the starter flag passes the shoulder line, smoke appears when the starter pistol is fired, or at the sound of the siren and stop it at the moment the swimmer in his lane completes the distance. In this case, it is necessary to immediately record the stopwatch readings on a card (notepad), presenting, if necessary, the stopwatch for verification by the senior timekeeper judge. The stopwatch can only be reset upon the command of the senior timekeeper judge “Stopwatches to zero!” or, as a last resort, at the first whistle of the referee (starter). Each timekeeper judge must record the time of the swimmer in the lane assigned to him. Even if disqualification has occurred, the timekeeper must record the time.

At major competitions, if the swimming time is recorded manually with stopwatches (manual time), it must be recorded simultaneously by three timekeepers. All stopwatches must have an inspection certificate guaranteeing their accuracy, issued by the appropriate inspection organization. Manual time must be recorded to the nearest 0.01 s. If an automatic recording system is not used, the official manual time shall be determined as follows:

• if two of the three stopwatches record the same time and the third result does not match, then the same time shall become the official result;

• if all three stopwatches recorded different times, the time of the stopwatch with the average result shall be considered official;

• when only two of the three stopwatches have run, the official result shall be their average time.

If a competitor is disqualified during or after a swim, the disqualification will be noted on the official results sheet, but neither the competitor's time nor place will be indicated or announced. In the event of a relay disqualification, the recorded results of the stages up to the time of disqualification must be noted in the official results report. During the relay races, all results of the 50- and 100-meter segments for swimmers of the first stages must be recorded and then published in the official results.

At determining results, if an automatic time recording system is used at a competition, the places and results of swimmers, as well as the correctness of the change of stages in relay swimming, determined using this system, take precedence over the results of the timekeepers and the decision of the judges at the finish. At the moment of the starter’s executive command, the timekeepers turn on the stopwatches and sit down in the places prepared for him. At the same time, the senior judge-timekeeper starts the spare stopwatches. The timekeeper judge records intermediate results for every 50 m or 100 m. When the participants approach the finish line at the end of the distance, the timekeepers stand up, go to the edge of the side, prepare the stopwatch for stopping and look vertically down, stopping it after the participant touches the finishing wall of the pool with their fingertips . At the same time, work is being done to determine the order in which the participants will arrive at the finish line. Having moved away from the edge of the finish wall, the stopwatch readings are determined and recorded in the athlete’s individual card or memorized for subsequent transfer to the senior timekeeper judge. Having received the cards with the results recorded, the senior timekeeper lays them out according to the results and checks them with the indications on the finish sheet. Having made sure that the data matches, he hands over the cards to the referee-informant, gives the command “Stopwatches to zero” and gives the go-ahead flag for the starter. If there is a discrepancy between the stopwatch readings and the order of arrival of the swimmers indicated on the finish sheet, preference is given to the readings of the judges at the finish line and in this case an adjustment to the stopwatch readings is given. For example, timekeeper judges gave stopwatch readings: 3rd lane - 55.3, 4th lane - 55.4, and the judges at the finish determined the following order of arrival of swimmers: first - 4th lane, second - * 3rd track. In this case, the chief timekeeper changes the stopwatch readings and adjusts them taking into account the readings of the judges at the finish. He leaves lane 4's time at 55.4, and changes lane 3's time to 55.4, leaving him with second place in the heat. The stopwatch readings also change with one timekeeper judge on the track.

Judges with participants must warn athletes about the start time, prepare participants for the next swim, checking their names according to the start protocol (participant cards) and compliance of the athletes’ appearance with the rules of the competition, and lead the swim participants to the start site in an organized manner. It is prohibited to change the lane numbers of swimmers on the cards without agreement with the secretariat.

At small-scale competitions, the senior judge, having received the participants' cards from the secretary, may, on the instructions of the chief judge, draw lots at the place where the participants gather. It can be open according to the best results recorded on the card or closed when the cards of the participants in the next swim are mixed and opened only when the lane number is written.

Judge-informant must announce the program and procedure for the competition to the participants and spectators, inform about the results of the competition, and introduce the participants to the spectators. In case of disqualification, the informant judge must indicate the time of the announcement of disqualification on the judge's form. The texts of the informant judge's announcements must be agreed upon with the referee (chief judge). Without the permission of the referee, the informant must not make any announcements not related to the course of the competition.

In the absence of a coordinating judge at a competition, the informant judge must monitor compliance with the approved competition regulations.

Award Judge in accordance with the regulations of these competitions, prepares the necessary paraphernalia for awarding and brings the winner and prize-winners of the competition to the podium. Award judges, in accordance with the regulations on these competitions, must prepare the necessary paraphernalia for awarding (flags of participating teams, diplomas, medals, tokens, etc.), check the readiness of the podium and flagpoles, as well as the necessary phonograms with the radio operator, maintain communication with the secretariat, judge-informant, judge-coordinator, radio operator, commandant. One of the award judges is appointed senior.

Competition doctor must: participate in the work of the credentials committee, checking the presence of a doctor’s visa in the registered applications for the admission of participants to competitions, carry out medical supervision of participants during competitions, give an opinion on the possibility or impossibility of continuing the competition by a participant in the event of his injury or illness, ensure timely provision of medical assistance, fill out the medical support report section at the end of the competition.

Commandant of the competition Together with the administration of the sports base, he is responsible for the timely preparation of competition sites. He must prepare places for participants, judges and spectators, providing them with everything necessary, as directed by the chief judge, and also ensure that work is carried out on the appropriate decoration of the pool. The competition commander is responsible for maintaining safety measures for participants, judges and spectators of the competition.

Chief Secretary, Deputy Chief Secretary and secretaries must keep minutes of meetings of the panel of judges, prepare all materials and documentation for the competition: accept technical applications, a card index if available, draw lots for participants, prepare a starting protocol, and when working without cards, receive lists of athletes from team representatives indicating their biggest victories. The Secretary must issue running and final results during the competition and, at the end of the competition, prepare a technical report on the competition.

After the completion of one-day or longer competitions, a closing ceremony is held (according to the script) with the announcement of team results and various awards for individual and team victories.

After the competition closes, the panel of judges gathers for a final meeting, at which the chief judge evaluates the work of both individual judges and the panel of judges as a whole.

The work of the chief judge ends with the submission of final protocols and a report assessing their conduct to the organization conducting the competition.

For weak swimmers, the competition program should be simplified (for example, the length of the competitive distance is reduced and the methods of swimming it are simplified).

When holding children's competitions, it is advisable to comply with the following requirements: start the competition at a convenient time of day, so that children can easily get to the pool after school. The program and conditions of the competition must be accessible to this age category of children in order to eliminate possible emotional and physical overload. Members of the panel of judges, especially judges in front of participants, need to be attentive and more “soft” when communicating with young swimmers.

When holding mass competitions, where the swimming training of the participants does not meet the requirements of the sports rules for swimming, the competitions should be held according to simplified rules and with a smaller number of judges, but with the mandatory presence of lifeguards. In this case, the competition program should be simplified for weak swimmers, the length of the competitive distance should be reduced, and the requirements for the technique of performing movements should be simplified.

It is necessary to prepare in advance and thoroughly for competitions of all levels, so that their subsequent holding will result in a real holiday for participants, spectators and all fans of swimming sports.

More detailed information about the organization of competitions, the responsibilities of members of the judging panel

9.3. Organizational eventsfor competitions

Along with the development of a calendar plan for holding competitions, an important organizational and methodological measure is the drawing up of regulations on competitions.

The regulations on competitions are the main document regulating the conditions and procedure for their conduct. Each section of such a provision must be carefully thought out and clearly stated, not a single point of it should give rise to doubts or different interpretations. The regulations are drawn up on the basis of the calendar plan and approved by the organization conducting this or that competition (sports committee, department, council of the DSO).

The competition regulations include the following main points:

1. The purpose and objectives of the competition.

2. Management of the competition.

H. Dates and venues.

4. Competition participants.

5. Conditions of the competition.

6. The procedure for filing protests and their consideration.

7. The procedure and conditions for determining the winners and prize-winners.

8. Awarding of winners and prize-winners.

9. Responsibility of teams for undisciplined acts of players and responsibility of stadium administrations for maintaining order during games.

10. Competition locations and requirements for them.

Regulations on competitions must be brought to the attention of interested sports organizations in advance (no later than two months before their start), and similar regulations on major Russian and international competitions are drawn up and distributed one, sometimes even two years before they are held.

The specified deadlines are necessary so that sports organizations can properly organize the educational and training process and carry out organizational and methodological activities.

The sports organization responsible for holding the competition creates an organizing committee, which should usually include several commissions, in particular:

1) sports and technical, providing the technical part of the competition;

2) administrative and economic, the responsibilities of which include drawing up estimates, accommodation of competition participants and judges, rental of sports facilities, preparation of sports equipment and equipment, posters, tickets, organization of reception and departure of sports delegations;

3) mass cultural, organizing cultural and educational work with competition participants and spectators;

4) medical control room, providing medical control and medical care for competitions;

5) mandate, deciding issues on the admission of athletes to competitions;

6) judging, ensuring the conduct of competitions in strict accordance with the approved rules.

The most important document regulating the holding of competitions is the rules for their conduct. They set out the actions of the judges and participants, provide for the conditions for identifying the winners and, in addition, define the standards of conduct for football players.

Competition rules contribute to solving health problems and can influence the improvement of playing techniques and tactics, and in some cases, training methods.

Responsible for the normal conduct of competitions and, to a certain extent, for the final results are the panel of judges and the judges of each specific game.

A sports judge is responsible not only for the quality of the competition, but first of all for the health of its participants. He must, first of all, have an impeccable knowledge of the rules of football, be honest, objective, impartial, decisive and at the same time a balanced and principled person, enjoy authority and respect.

An important measure in the preparation and holding of football competitions is the organization of medical support. At competitions, the doctor is the deputy chief judge for medical support. Its functions include checking applications with doctors’ visas for the admission of athletes to competitions, medical care for participants and monitoring their health during multi-day competitions, the condition of competition sites, etc.

When planning to participate in competitions, the following rules must be observed:

the increase in physical and mental stress should be gradual, taking into account the age and qualifications of the athletes, as well as the nature of the competition and the time of its holding;

the number and nature of competitions in terms of importance must ensure that football players are in the best athletic shape for the most important competitions;

the duration of the main competition stage should be determined by the time during which athletes can remain in sports uniform;

The schedule must be stable and traditional.

9.4. Competition systems

Currently, three main competition systems are used: a round-robin system, a knockout system (the so-called Olympic or cup system) and a mixed system, which is a combination of the first two systems.

When choosing a system for holding competitions, they are guided by the tasks facing the competition, the timing of its holding, the number of teams participating in it, the availability of a sports facility, as well as the level of sportsmanship of the participants.

Each drawing system corresponds to certain methods for compiling a calendar of games for competing teams (Detailed methods for compiling a calendar of games for various systems are described in the textbook “Sports Games.” - M.: FiS, 1984.).

Round robin system

In a round-robin competition system, each team meets all teams participating in the competition in a certain sequence (once if the competition is held in one round, and twice if in two rounds). This drawing system makes it possible to most objectively determine the balance of strength of the competing teams and identify not only the winner of the competition, but also the places of all other participants. At the same time, the element of chance in the overall outcome of the competition is largely eliminated.

The team with the most points from all games played is considered the winner. If two or more teams have equal points, the winner is determined in accordance with the developed regulations of the competition (based on the result of an additional game, the difference between goals scored and missed, or the results of games played between them during the competition).

The disadvantage of the round robin system is that it takes a long time to run the competition. It is considered most correct to hold competitions according to this system in two circles (on the opponent’s field and on one’s own field), which creates the same (equal) conditions for the competing teams.

Draw system with elimination after defeat

The essence of holding competitions using the knockout system is that a team, after losing (first, second or third), is eliminated from the competition. Currently, the most common system for holding competitions is elimination after the first defeat. This system allows, with a large number of participants (teams), to conduct competitions in a shorter time than the round-robin system.

The main disadvantage of this system is that it does not give a complete picture of the strengths of the teams, cannot determine the places of all teams participating in the competition, and does not exclude the element of chance.

In some cases, a type of elimination system is used, i.e. system with elimination after two defeats. Its peculiarity is that each participating team is eliminated from the competition not after the first defeat, but after the second.

Mixed system

The mixed competition system is a combination of two drawing systems - round-robin and elimination. With this method, part of the competition (preliminary or final) is held in a knockout system, and the other in a round-robin system. Sometimes the knockout system is used in the preliminary part of the draw among teams divided into subgroups, and the remaining teams form one group of the strongest teams meeting in the final part of the round-robin competition.

Another version of the mixed system assumes that participating teams play in a round-robin system at the preliminary stages in subgroups, and then a winner is identified in a knockout system. This version of the mixed system has been widely used during major international competitions (World and European Championships, Olympic football tournaments).

The advantage of the mixed system is that it allows, with a sufficiently large number of participating teams, to hold competitions in a relatively short period of time and quite accurately determine the balance of forces of the participating teams.