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STANDARD RULES OF HUNTING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (approved by Order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated 04-01-88 1) (as amended on 23-08-95) (2019) Relevant in 2018

Hunting for a brown bear

40. The hunting of brown bear is regulated by special instructions approved by the Hunting Department of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture and Food.

41. Hunting for brown bear is carried out under a license, which during the hunt must be held by the person responsible for the shooting (team leader, foreman).

42. The deadline for hunting brown bears in the autumn-winter period is from August 1 to February 28 (29).

Specific deadlines are established before each hunting season by orders of the heads of state hunting inspectorates and hunting departments under the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The timing of hunting brown bears in the spring and summer (in the sun, after leaving the den, in places of concentration on the sea coast and spawning of salmon fish) are established before each hunting season by orders of the heads of state hunting inspectorates and hunting departments under the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in agreement with Hunting Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Russia.

43. When hunting a bear, the person responsible for shooting (team leader, foreman), as well as when hunting ungulates, is obliged to comply with the requirements of paragraph 37 of these Rules.

It takes 2 days to collect a wounded animal, not counting the day of injury.

44. It is prohibited to shoot female bears with cubs of the current year of birth before they go to the den.

45. When hunting in a den, if there are several animals in one den, the hunter can shoot all the animals, followed by issuing additional licenses.

24. Hunting for bears is carried out within the time limits specified in Appendix No. 2 to these Rules, and at other times provided for by these Rules.

24.1. Highest official (head of the highest executive body of state power) of the Republic of Buryatia, the Republic of Karelia, the Komi Republic, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Trans-Baikal Territory, Kamchatka Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Arkhangelsk Region, Irkutsk Region, Magadan Region, Sakhalin Region under determining the parameters for hunting in hunting grounds located on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation, has the right to divide the territory of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation into southern and northern territories (indicating municipal districts) and determine a single period for hunting brown bears in the spring period lasting no more than 45 calendar days days in each such territory.

25. When hunting bears, if the animal is wounded, it is subject to mandatory collection.

26. If a bear is injured, the hunter notes the date of injury in the permit for the extraction of hunting resources by deleting the corresponding values ​​in the fields of the permit for the extraction of hunting resources and the “P” field is additionally deleted, after which the wounded bear is collected.

27. The collection of a wounded bear is carried out within two days, not counting the day of its injury. If a wounded bear is not harvested within the specified period, its collection is stopped, about which the hunter or the person responsible for conducting a collective hunt (when carrying out a collective hunt) makes a corresponding note in the permit for the extraction of hunting resources and notifies the government body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation about the shortage of the wounded bear , exercising federal state hunting supervision on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. In this case, the permission to extract hunting resources is considered used.

28. When collecting a wounded bear, it is allowed to enter hunting grounds not specified in the permit for the extraction of hunting resources, having previously made a note in it about the wounding of the hunting animal. In this case, when collecting a wounded animal in any possible way, within 24 hours from the moment the bear was wounded, the following is notified:

28.1. in assigned hunting grounds - the hunting user;

28.2. in publicly accessible hunting grounds - a government body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation that carries out federal state hunting supervision on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

29. Bear hunting for the purpose of carrying out research activities, educational activities, regulating the number of game animals and in order to ensure the traditional way of life and traditional economic activities is carried out throughout the entire calendar year in compliance with the requirements established by these Rules.

Once we had a chance to watch a bear hunt a wild boar. In the support he stole a fattening large cleaver. With a lightning-fast leap, the beast “covered” the boar. But the cleaver managed to escape from the iron embrace of the owner of the taiga. Leaving scarlet splashes of blood on the trail, the boar quickly rushed off into the wilds. The bear rushed after him. Along the entire path of pursuit, the bear took out the wounded boar several times, but each time the wounded animal ran away. The bear patiently, at a brisk trot (this was clearly visible from the tracks), “trailed” the cleaver. After thirty kilometers of pursuit, the black beast successfully completed the hunt. The bear is an omnivorous animal, but a fierce, insidious predator sleeps inside him all the time, every minute ready to wake up and reveal himself in all his wild animal carnivory. Bear predation is clearly evident in the spring, when there is no plant food yet. At this time, the animal is aggressive and omnipresent, it attacks livestock, rushes after elk and deer, and will not fail to attack any animal that carelessly approaches it. He will kill and eat.

Since ancient times, hunting for black animals in the dense Russian forests has been one of the most popular, dashing, dangerous, responsible and exciting hunts. Bear hunting was and is considered a real “royal hunt”.

The bear has never been one of the mass hunted objects. And finally, not every hunter dares to go after a bear. “He’s too powerful and ferocious.” Those who lack composure and presence of mind will wisely try to avoid meeting this unique beast.

But the elements of risk and a way of self-affirmation for the most reckless, desperate, hot hunters make bear hunting very attractive. Of all the types of bear hunting, the most accessible is oat hunting. It is based on the fact that ripening oats attract a bear with its sweetness, it is a fattening food, and in lean years for fruits, especially rowan berries and nuts, oats become one of the main ways for a bear to accumulate fat for hibernation.

The first bear outings for oats are observed at the end of July. When the oats reach a state of milky-waxy ripeness, around mid-August, the bear begins to actively visit the oats. Many bears “flock” from the forest wilds to the oat fields. True, not all fields are visited equally by bears. Sometimes in one field you can count up to seven to nine individuals of different ages, while other fields remain untouched.

For bear hunting on oats, it is more convenient to use a storage shed; you can, however, guard the animal from the ground, sometimes right in the field, by digging a trench, but this method is less productive, the bear can quickly sense the hunter and hide unnoticed, visibility from the ground is limited, and shooting is not always convenient.

Before building a storage shed, you need to carefully walk around the fields of oats, without going to the edge and without leaving traces on the edge of the forest, to find places (holes) of the bear in the field, they are clearly visible by the flattened grass and oats. Sometimes, when a bear actively visits oats, large bald spots appear on the field. It is necessary to distinguish bear grass from wild boar grass; the surest way is to use fresh droppings of the animal on the grass. Having determined the intensity of the bear’s visits to the oats, they begin to build a storage shed. The storage shed is built 10-15 meters from the animal’s hole. It is impossible to build a storage shed right above the hole (path): the bear, entering the field, will lure the hunter and disappear. The hunter, not knowing about it, will watch the animal for a long time and to no avail. It is advisable to build a storage shed at a height of 2-2.5 meters from the ground; a higher one is inconvenient: tree branches interfere with visibility and shooting. Several trees growing nearby are selected for the storage shed. It would be better if they were spruces; their dense crown provides good camouflage. The material for the storage shed is prepared elsewhere. A bear sometimes lies down for the day in the forest next to an oat field and hears everything perfectly. When collecting storage sheds, you must remain quiet, do not knock, do not chop with an ax, do not smoke, do not litter, and do not go into the forest. In the Vologda taiga, we collected storage sheds directly from the horse. After the hunt, it was discovered that the bear's resting place was only 115 steps from the field. They also occupied the storehouse on horseback, just as they left it; the huntsman rode up to the storehouse on horseback, and the hunter “slipped down” straight into the saddle. This is how we managed to deceive the cunning and cautious beast.

The storage shed needs to be equipped with a comfortable seat. It is unknown how long the clubfoot will have to be guarded. It is better to secure a strong, reliable pole under your feet. Tie all poles to tree trunks with soft aluminum wire or nylon cord. The storage shed should be spacious and comfortable, with good back support, well camouflaged under the surrounding vegetation. Branches that interfere with the view and elevation of the gun are carefully cut off with a knife. The view should be normal, both on the right and on the left. From the storage shed the entire field, or at least most of it, should be visible.

Having built a storage shed, you need to test it and eliminate any shortcomings noticed. It is better to use a clean, washed (odor-free) canvas bag filled with fresh oat stalks under the seat.

If there are no strong trees, the storage shed is built on spacers, long poles, cross-linked with thin trunks of young birches, aspens or fir trees. Such a storage shed is built at a height of up to two meters from the ground; a higher one turns out to be “flimsy”.

It happens that for some reason the animal changed its feeding place and moved away from your storehouse to the far corner. In order to quickly and quietly change the hunting location, a portable storage shed is made. It is designed in the form of a ladder up to three meters long, with a seat at the upper end. A portable storage shed is installed near any conveniently growing tree and tied on top. The poles used to construct the storage shed must be from the same type of tree that grows at the site where it is installed. The storage shed should not cause anxiety or wariness in the bear. The black beast is very smart, and any new object will alert him.

You need to go and sit in the storage shed in clean hunting clothes that do not emit any odors. And, of course, with cleaned trunks. No smoking. There is a known case when one passionate “nicotine hunter” repeatedly heard a bear walking into a field, but he was never able to see the animal in the field. And no wonder. The stench of tobacco spread far around. Only the hunter himself did not smell it. Before occupying the storage shed, it is necessary to make a toilet, so that the unexpected does not happen, which will immediately ruin the entire hunt. Approach the hiding place from the center of the field and under no circumstances leave any debris around. The best shoes are considered to be waders. Yufte and tarpaulin boots give off a smell that a bear will smell. In the old days, hunters used new linden bast shoes. You need to dress warmer. Having occupied a storage shed, sometimes you have to guard the animal for a very long time. And if the gun is equipped with a headlamp, then the vigil can last all night.

From the monotony of sitting, a hunter tired during the day can doze off and half-asleep make a noisy movement, and at that moment a bear has already approached the field and is listening carefully. To avoid making noise, you can tie him up with a rope. This method has been tested in practice on many hunts.

When is the best time to occupy a storage shed? It is impossible to answer this question precisely. If the bear is not disturbed while growing oats, and the field is deep in the forest, then it happens that the animal comes out to fatten during the day. As a rule, the hunter sits down at the storage shed at four or five o'clock in the evening. Where there are many bears, he can enter the field before sunset.

Having entered the field, the bear sucks on the panicles of oats, taking a bunch into its mouth and “straining” it through its teeth. Only hairs from the ear remain on the panicles. Every three to four minutes the bear suddenly rears up and begins to look around. Then he lowers himself, can lie down and continue feeding while lying down. One of the features of hunting on oats is the opportunity to observe the life of animals in their natural environment. Sitting on the storage shed, you watch feeding hares, badgers, wild boars, foxes, wood grouse, raccoon dogs, and a meadow harrier hunting voles. You can also see wolves. Hear the bears whistle. A mother bear and her cubs, having entered the field, call to each other with a soft, metallic-tinged whistle, and young three- to four-year-old bears warn each other with their whistles. But as soon as the seasoned forest patriarch approaches the field, the entire forest brethren will instantly disappear into the forest without a trace.

When the harvest of berries is weak: blueberries, lingonberries, raspberries, and especially rowan, bears fatten in oat fields until they are mowed down. It happens that the combines have harvested the oats. The hunter is in despair - the hunt for oats is over! But the bear doesn’t know about this yet. There were cases when a bear came out into the stubble in the evening and the bear hunts ended very successfully.

When hunting oats, the best hunting rifles are “Elk”, “Bear”, “Tiger”.

You need to hit the animal in the killing place. The bear is very tough to wound. With its heart pierced through, the beast sometimes goes more than 200 meters. You can shoot from a rifled barrel at a distance of 100-150 meters. When hunting bears with a shotgun, you need to use a 12-gauge double-barreled shotgun and freshly loaded bullet cartridges. Good results are shown by the Brenneke, Poleva, round, and Rubeykina bullets. Previously, the excellent Shirinsky-Shikhmatov bullet was used. Considering the strength of a bear to a wound, as well as the difficulty of shooting at dusk, you should shoot at a bear from a distance of no further than 40 steps under the shoulder blade, in the spine area.

It’s not often that a bear that has been shot is left lying on the field. Often a wounded animal runs away from the field into the forest and, mortally wounded, rushes ahead without making out the road. This is a sure sign of hitting the spot. If time permits (it is still light), you must immediately begin searching for and collecting the wounded animal.

When collecting a wounded animal, you cannot do without bear-hunted dogs. If the animal is shot at night, you need to wait until morning and organize a search. A night search for such a serious animal is too dangerous and fraught with unpredictable consequences. Retrieving a wounded animal is a very important matter.

Good hunting dogs find an animal following a five- to six-hour trail that has cooled down. In response to a dead (dead) animal, they vocalize, briefly barking, and in response to a wounded animal, they actively work with their voice, indicating the location of the animal. Dogs must be viscous, vicious, “greedy for the beast”, working in pairs, in a pack. Not all animal huskies are suitable for this hunt.

It happens that the dogs “twist” the animal and he realizes that he will not be able to escape; the bear, in a fit of fierce anger, with the dogs hanging on the gachas, rushes at the hunter. Having obtained the bear, they begin to cut it up. If it is not possible to immediately remove the carcass from the forest, it is necessary to rip open the belly and release the insides by inserting spacers between the ribs. If you don't do this, you can ruin the carcass.

To get the “royal trophy”, the hunter, in addition to patience, must have self-control and composure. These qualities should be the basis of the shooter’s behavior on amazingly thrilling hunts, where there are no trifles.

Hunting is no longer a way to obtain food. This is entertainment for people. No one is going to ban hunting animals yet. However, today there are a number of rules for hunting this year. In 2010, the order “On approval of hunting rules in the Russian Federation” was signed, and during this time it has undergone certain changes. Every hunter must know his rights and responsibilities, otherwise it will be punishable.

When reading this article, be extremely careful, and if you have any additional questions, be sure to consult a specialist.

General rules of hunting in the Russian Federation

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment created Order No. 512, which establishes certain requirements regarding hunting. All this is done to preserve natural resources. Official rules do not apply to wild animals living in places owned by legal entities or individuals.

What a hunter should have with him while hunting:

• hunting license;
• weapons permit;
• permission to extract hunting resources;
• if a hunter hunts in hunting grounds, he must have a permit with him;
• permit for birds of prey.

Every hunter must have these documents with him, otherwise, if an official demands them and there are no documents, punishment will follow. If the game was obtained illegally, they have the right to confiscate it. You can hunt individually or in a group. In the second case, a responsible person is initially appointed who will keep control of everything that happens, while carrying the relevant documents.

During the hunt it is prohibited:

• use weapons at a distance of less than 200 meters from the nearest populated area;
• use weapons in poor visibility unless you are absolutely sure that you are aiming specifically at the target;
• open fire on game near electrical wires;
• open fire on information signs;
• drive the game in such a way that the other participants in the hunt are located on different sides.

Hunting rules 2019: new edition of hunting rules in the Russian Federation

As you know, a hunting permit has its own expiration date, as well as a limit on the production of a particular type of game. In 2015, an innovation was introduced into the law, according to which the hunter undertakes to notify the employees of the place where the permit was obtained about what kind of game he caught and how much. That is. maximum detailed information
A number of changes also affected the rules for hunting ungulates and bears.

The following deadlines remain valid for 2019:

• 10.07-24.07 - hunting with the use of firearms and pneumatic weapons is prohibited;
• 07.25-11.15 - hunting with weapons, hunting dogs and birds of prey is permitted.
• 10.07-31.12 - hunting for field game is allowed using dogs, without the use of weapons;
• starting from 01.08 - hunting for waterfowl with dogs is allowed, without the use of weapons;
• starting from -1.08 - hunting foxes and hare with dogs is allowed, without the use of weapons;
• starting from 25.08 - hunting for fox and hare with dogs and using weapons is allowed;
• 01.07-31.07 - hunting for marmot-baibak is allowed;
• 01.10-28.02 - hunting for European beaver is allowed.

Check with our consultant for details.

Citizens can train a hunting dog at any time. There are specially designated places for this, namely, areas for racing and special places for training animals. Please note that any type of hunting in such places is prohibited.

One of the changes is that it is allowed to be with dogs without a leash in the areas for driving and training animals in hunting grounds at any time.
You can train a hunting dog at any time, but without the use of firearms, bladed weapons or pneumatic weapons.

If you go hunting with a specially trained hunting dog, you are required to have with you a document about the origin of the animal and a veterinary passport with a note from the state veterinary service stating that the dog does not have rabies, is vaccinated, etc. The document must be confirmed by the current year.

There have been a number of changes in terms of hunting periods for roe deer, bears, moose, and wolves. Hunting for saiga was banned, while the period for hunting bears in the spring was increased, expanding it.

Those hunters who open fire at information signs will be subject to administrative punishment.

Hunting legislation

Punishment for non-compliance with hunting rules

Article 8.37 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation regulates liability for violation of hunting rules in the Russian Federation.

If the rules were violated once, the hunter faces a fine of 500 to 4,000 rubles, depending on the violation. There are also penalties such as deprivation of hunting rights for up to two years and possible confiscation of hunting weapons.

If the rules are violated again, they may be fined from 4,000 to 5,000 rubles with deprivation of the right to hunt for up to three years.

If the established hunting deadlines are violated, the violator may be prohibited from hunting for a period of 1 to 2 years. The same punishment awaits a hunter if he fails to provide the necessary documents and permits upon first request.

If damage to a state reserve was caused during the hunt, liability doubles.

Employees of the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Environmental Safety pay close attention to the prevention of diseases of wild animals, as well as to the source of their occurrence. Therefore, if, as a hunter, you find an animal that behaves unusually, or a dead animal, you must notify the above authorities about the find. They, in turn, will try to identify the cause of the problem and its source, and then decide how to proceed further.

Rules for hunting with rifled weapons 2019

A very pressing question regarding the use of rifled weapons when hunting. Even today, many seasoned hunters continue to argue about this. However, there is a solution to the basic legislation.

Paragraph 53.3 states that it is prohibited to use hunting rifled long-barreled weapons and combined weapons on game birds, not counting hunting upland and mountain game.