The speed at which a skydiver falls depends on the time of fall, air density, area of the falling body and drag coefficient. The weight of the falling body has little effect on the speed of falling.
A body falling in the air is acted upon by two forces: the force of gravity, always directed downward, and the force of air resistance, directed against the force of gravity. The speed of the fall will increase until the force of gravity and the force of air resistance are balanced. At the beginning of the body's movement in the air, the speed increases, then it becomes slower, and finally, at 11-12 seconds, the speed becomes almost constant. This condition is called steady decline, and the corresponding speed is maximum speed.
In addition to the duration of the fall, the speed of the body is greatly influenced by the height of the jump, weight, size and position of the body.
Since the density of air changes with height, the speed of fall will also change. The farther from the ground, the greater the speed of fall, because... air density decreases. The speed of your fall will not exceed 35 m/sec. After separation from the plane, you will descend under the stabilizing canopy.
Loads arising when the parachute opens.
The fit of the harness system is of great importance in relation to the load taken during parachute deployment. The more evenly and densely the straps lie, the more evenly it is distributed over the body. To bear loads, the condition of the body is essential - whether it is tense or relaxed. In anticipation of the breakthrough, the skydiver must group and tense his muscles. In this case, the “blow” will be endured much easier. The head should not be turned to the side or tilted, because straps may cause bruises.
Control of a parachute in the air and its physical essence.
Parachute control means the ability to change its position in space by maneuvering in direction and speed. Horizontal movement can also be achieved on a round dome.
To create horizontal forward movement needs tightening front straps, creating a sliding dome, and holding it in this position for the time necessary to move. In this case, the horizontal speed will be approximately = 1.5 - 2 m/s.
In order to obtain horizontal movement back, left, right, it is necessary to pull the rear, left or right straps accordingly.
When the lines are pulled up, the edge lowers, a canopy skew is created, while the main part of the air begins to exit from the opposite side, a reactive force is created and the parachutist begins to move.
Paratrooper descent on one and two canopies.
The parachutist's speed relative to the ground when landing depends on: rate of descent; wind speed; parachute control; presence of rocking.
The vertical speed of the parachute system depends on: the weight of a person with a parachute; parachute canopy drag coefficient, which depends on the area, shape of the canopy and air permeability of the material; air density.
It is approximately believed that if body weight is increased by 10%, then this causes an increase in the rate of decline by 5%.
For example: the weight of a parachutist with a D-6 parachute is 100 kg - descent speed = 5.0 m/s, and with a weight of 110 kg vertical speed = 5.25 m/s.
Depending on the altitude of the area above sea level, the rate of decline is measured something like this: with an increase of 200m, the rate increases by 1%. In winter, in frosty weather, when the air density increases slightly, the rate of decline can be considered 5% less than in summer in hot weather.
The parachutist's descent on two canopies is reduced slightly compared to the rate of descent on one canopy. The reason for the slight decrease in vertical speed is the collapse of the two domes during descent, which entails a decrease in the area of the domes operating relative to the ground.
→Landing is the most serious and most dangerous stage in a parachute jump, since with a falling speed of 5 m/s you can get serious injuries. Therefore, it is very important to follow all safety recommendations (special attention should be paid to landing instructions for first-timers - they are the ones who, as a rule, are injured when landing incorrectly).
So, the most important rule when landing is to bring your feet together! Do not land on one foot (your feet must touch the ground at the same time to properly distribute the load) and do not try to run on the ground with a parachute (unless you have a high-speed parachute). When landing, you need to group yourself correctly: your legs should be at an angle of 30 degrees to the vertical axis of the person’s body, your feet should be parallel to the ground, and your chin should be pressed to your chest. When landing, look only at your feet! When landing, pull down the front straps of the parachute, this will help reduce the horizontal speed (thus, you knock down the canopy so that it does not drag you along with it). In order to soften the blow, after your feet touch the ground, you need to fall on your side or back.
The most dangerous landing option is splashdown, that is, landing on a water surface. In the optimal case, it is better not to land on water at all and reach the shore, but if this is not possible, then the following recommendations should be taken into account when splashing down. First, before landing, you must quickly unhook the reserve parachute, unfasten the leg straps, and also remove your arms from the shoulder straps one by one and free yourself from the chest strap (all this happens before reaching a height of 2-3 meters). After splashdown, you must dive deeply and swim as far as possible to eliminate the possibility that the main parachute canopy will cover you headlong.
As for landing in a forest area, the main thing here is not to get hurt on tree branches. Therefore, when landing, do not forget to cover your face with your hands (the arms need to be turned with the veins inward), and try to push off from the tree trunks with your feet. At best, you should get close to the ground as quickly as possible. If the canopy of the parachute still managed to get tangled in the branches of the trees, and you hung on it without ever reaching the ground, then do nothing and just wait for help. If you still need to get out on your own, and you are hovering high above the ground, then you need to open the reserve parachute and try to make a safe descent to the ground using its lines and canopy.
If you land near buildings, then there are two options developments:
- First: If you see that you may collide with the wall of a building, try to push off from it with tense legs before your canopy goes out (the obstacle is met with your full feet), and continue landing. At the same time, in order to remove the horizontal speed of the canopy, you need to pull yourself up on the rear free ends, and you will begin to slide backwards.
- Second: if you land on the roof of a building, then in this case you need to run up and push off from the plane of the building, again before your dome has time to go out. If the dimensions of the roof allow it, and you land in the middle, then you need to quickly free yourself from the entire suspension system and stay on the roof of the building.
Every opportunity should be used to avoid climbing onto telegraph and telephone poles with wires, or power lines. However, if you encounter such a problem, then you need to try your best to push away from the wires or try to walk between them (the wires should not get between your legs). Cover your face with your hands and make sure that exposed parts of your body do not touch the wires.
If you have landed successfully, then it’s time to think about folding your parachute for subsequent transportation. The main thing to pay attention to is that the lines are not tangled. To do this, they are tied into the so-called “infinity”, loop by loop. First, the backpack and lines are placed in the bag, and only then the entire canopy.
Landing is the most traumatic part of the jump. “No one has ever been killed by the air,” my instructor often repeated, uncorking another bottle of valerian.
We figure out how to land safely and save the nerve cells of friends and instructors.
1. I want to land safely. Where to begin?
You need to start preparing for landing on the ground, before boarding the plane.
Remember the direction of the wind. This will be useful if, after opening, you cannot see the sorcerer due to cloudiness or an error in the release. It is best to use the sun as a guide, for example: “At low drift, the sun should shine in the left eye.”
Determine the wind strength and find out the horizontal speed of your canopy. The stronger the wind, the easier it will be to make the cushion - the horizontal speed of the canopy will be dampened by the wind speed. The hardest time to land is in the calm. The strength of the wind can be determined by the sorcerer, and the speed of the dome can be determined from older comrades. Typically, the horizontal speed of student parachutes is 5-7 m/s.
Find out from the site duty officer how to build an approach: over the right or left shoulder. He can also tell you where it is better to start the approach, what points to focus on and what to be wary of.
Inspect the landing site, remember the location of obstacles, fences, find out about alternate sites. Pay attention to uneven surfaces: holes, rocks, tall grass and bushes.
Make a rough landing plan. Observe other skydivers: see how they build their approach, how far they fly after an extreme turn, and what difficulties they encounter.
2. How to determine the strength of the wind using a sorcerer?
Use the diagram.
3. What to do after opening the parachute?
Immediately make sure that the canopy can provide a safe descent. In addition to the standard “filled-stable-controlled”, you also need to check the pillow. At a sufficient height, smoothly tighten the brakes - the speed should decrease, the wind noise should subside, and you should feel moving forward. After this, slowly release the brakes up 15-20 cm to avoid a sharp dive of the canopy.
If you suddenly doubt the operation of the parachute, do not hesitate: altitude control - release - reserve.
4. How to construct a landing approach?
Mentally divide the airfield into 2 parts with a line passing through the landing point perpendicular to the direction of the wind. You cannot enter the far half at an altitude of up to 300 meters. Descend to this altitude on the first half of the airfield along a serpentine trajectory. The amplitude of the snake at the beginning of the descent should be approximately 10-12 seconds in each direction.
From a height of 300 meters, focus on the control points:
Altitude 300 meters, distance from the target 300 meters - fly in line with the wind, facing the target (downwind)
Altitude 200 meters, distance from the target 200 meters - fly abeam the target (sideways to the target)
Altitude 100 meters, distance from the target 100 meters - perform an extreme turn, fly in line with the wind, facing the target (against the wind)
This approach formation is called a “box” and is used by skydivers, paragliders and even pilots around the world.
If you miss the height, adjust your landing point and passes along the box. Avoid 180 o turns.
As soon as you make an extreme turn and face the target, accelerate the canopy and complete the landing with a cushion.
5. And so scary! Why else disperse the dome?
They accelerate the canopy before landing to increase its stability. When a parachute flies at maximum speed, the pressure between the upper and lower shell increases. As a result, the rigidity of the dome increases, which allows it to “break through” thermal flows and minimize the influence of side winds.
It is better to learn how to accelerate the canopy in several stages:
On the very first jumps, just release the brakes completely, the canopy will take a breath of air and you can make a good cushion.
When you have mastered the execution of the pillow, after making an extreme turn and going straight, hang on the front free ends for up to 12 meters (slightly above the treetops). Then release them and make a pillow.
Once you have learned how to accelerate the canopy on the front risers, move on to the extreme turn on the front risers.
6. When should I start making a pillow?
Switch the canopy to medium mode at a height of 6 meters. The treetops can serve as a guide. Start pulling the pillow to the end at a height of 1.5 meters. Make all movements smoothly.
If you started the airbag a little earlier, reduce the rate of tightening the brakes - this will give you the opportunity to wait until the desired altitude and then finish the leveling process and transition to horizontal flight.
If you miss the moment of the airbag, press the brakes a little sharper - this way you will instantly bring the canopy into the horizon and save the landing.
Important: If you start to make the cushion too high, do not throw the brakes under any circumstances! Otherwise, the canopy will make a sharp “peck” and you will crash into the ground at high speed. The results will be the most disastrous - from severe bruises and sprains to severe fractures and torn ligaments.
7. What should I do if a gust of wind knocks me sideways?
First of all, you need to understand that there is no gust of wind. Most likely you are moving the canopy to medium mode unevenly.
First check your hands - they should be at the same height. Beginner skydivers are often advised to keep their hands in front of them when performing a float so that you can see and control them.
If everything is fine with your arms, check the position of your body in the suspension system, make sure that there is no distortion in the leg grips.
Then it will not be difficult to compensate for the roll: if it goes to the right, pull the left brake and return to your place; if it moves to the left, pull the right one. Don't make sudden movements.
8. I’m flying into some kind of wall! How to escape?
Place your legs forward and tense as much as possible. Your legs should be together, your feet parallel to the obstacle. Treat the wall like the ground - make a cushion and try to dampen the vertical and horizontal speeds of the canopy.
You also need to land on other obstacles: fences, trees, roofs and any uneven surfaces.
If you suddenly fly into a window, don’t forget to say hello.
9. I will choose an experienced skydiver and fly after him. Why don't others do this?
The idea is good, but difficult to implement: experienced parachutists usually fly on high-speed canopies with a high load, while students and beginners fly on large rectangular parachutes with a load of less than one. Therefore, it will most likely not be possible to repeat the trajectory of the selected “standard”.
There is one more danger when flying behind someone else's canopy - getting into wake. A flying parachute leaves behind a turbulent wake, similar to the wake behind a boat. It operates for approximately 15 meters behind the dome and only at a greater distance fades out and becomes insignificant. The dome caught in the wake may collapse, and then you will fall from a great height, being completely unprepared for this.
But it is useful to monitor the landing of your older comrades - look at how they build a box, at what angle they land. Just don’t get carried away and don’t forget about your own parachute and safety.
Purpose, tactical and technical data and device of the D-6ser.4 parachute.
The landing parachute system is designed for training and combat jumps from military transport aircraft with full service weapons and equipment for paratroopers of all specialties:
resource – 80 applications;
minimum height – 200 m;
average stabilization speed – 30-40 m/s;
average vertical speed – no more than 5 m/s;
turn 180 0 in any direction in the presence of locking cords in 15-20 s;
average speed of horizontal movement – 2.6 m/s;
weight – 11.5 kg;
suspension system;
portable bag;
stabilizing dome chamber;
stabilizing dome system 1:5 m2
main dome camera;
dome 83 m2;
Actions of a parachutist during landing and after landing
At the beginning of the classes, the instructor explains the rules of landing and the mistakes made during this process: then he moves on to practicing landing elements.
Landing on a full foot with legs brought together and half-bent at the knees when jumping in place and jumping from a springboard 1 m high;
Establishing the correct landing position while sitting in the harness;
Falling on the side with a roll and raised arms;
Jumping from a springboard with a height of 1.5 - 2 m.
The task is considered completed when the trainees have developed solid landing skills.
Before landing - up to a height of 150 m - the parachutist must take a position facing the wind. The direction of the wind is determined by the arrow laid out on the landing site and by the displacement of local objects on the ground relative to the parachutist.
Strictly facing into the wind;
The feet are parallel to the ground (Fig. 4). Before landing - up to a height of 150 m - the parachutist must take a position facing the wind. The direction of the wind is determined by the arrow laid out on the landing site and by the displacement of local objects on the ground relative to the parachutist.
92. When parachuting, the canopy may sway, which can be eliminated by tensioning the front or rear straps.
93. At an altitude of 100-150 m, the parachutist prepares for landing and takes the correct body position for landing:
Strictly facing into the wind;
The legs are connected at the knees and feet together and, depending on the wind speed, are brought forward, and in calm weather they are located almost vertically, half bent at the knees;
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Assembling the parachute Assembling the “Endless Loop” lines Assembling the parachute into the bag
The feet are parallel to the ground (Fig. 4). Having landed and extinguished the canopy, the parachutist removes the harness, carefully assembles and places the parachute in a portable bag, arrives at the assembly point and reports on the completion of the task to the jump leader.
Rules for movement around the airfield and safety measures.
Start breakdown plan for flights and jumps.
Starter outfit.
Rules of behavior at the airfield and movement around it.
An airfield is a plot of land specially equipped to provide take-off, landing, parking and maintenance of aircraft. At airfields, as a rule, parachute jumps are also carried out.
Both on permanent and on grass (dirt) airfields or landing strips for flights and jumps there is a start. The start breakdown diagram is shown in the figure. Along the runway, to the right and left of it, one row of frame caps is placed, clearly visible from the ground and from the air: white in summer, red or black in winter. Near the landing site, to the left of the runway, a landing sign “T” is posted. In front and behind the “T” there are limiters - the place where the wheels touch the ground.
To guide parachute jumps, a Parachute Jump Leader (RPD) and a starting squad consisting of:
instructor at the starting inspection line;
landing site (splashdown) duty officer;
doctor on duty;
releasing parachutists from an airplane;
graduate assistant (during initial training parachutist jumps);
instructor supervising installation.
Everyone at the start must be located in a specially designated place for people - on the “square”. You can leave it only with the permission of your instructor!
Being outside the “square”, especially sitting or lying in the tall grass at the airfield, is dangerous. Caution is also needed on the “square” itself, since a paratrooper can land on it. In this case, the first one who notices him gives the command: “Attention - air!”
Smoking is only in designated areas.
When moving around the airfield, you must be careful not to get hit by a descending aircraft or parachutist.
An airplane with a running engine must be passed only from behind if it is a motor aircraft, and in front (no closer than 10 meters) if it is a jet aircraft. The helicopter must be walked around from the front. If you hear the engine increasing speed, then you need to move to the side. Near those places intended for aircraft, you must be extremely careful.
You can cross or drive over the runway only with the permission of the RPP. Groups of people can only move around the airfield in formation.
It is also necessary to be attentive and cautious at the airfield in cases where flights or jumps are not taking place, since the airfield may be needed for an emergency landing of the aircraft.
A parachutist who has landed on the runway must quickly clear it by running to the nearest side. After this, assemble the parachute and, being careful, arrive at the start.
Attention! Parking of personal vehicles - ONLY in designated areas!
When
Jumps most often take place on weekends, training at each airfield at different times, but as a practice - from 9-11 am. The choice of transport aircraft and parachute system depends on what is available at the airfield. Usually the equipment is old, but reliable. If the type of dome is extremely important to you, then it is better to find out everything in advance by phone.
For the jump to take place
You must undergo a medical examination. The airport doctor performs a cursory examination and survey for the main contraindications. Pulse and blood pressure are measured. But you still have to take care of your health yourself. They will definitely charge you money for the jump. It is better to check prices by phone.
Clothes and shoes
Special parachute boots are very tough and hold the ankle firmly. Lacing at the front and back provides protection against dislocation and stretching. This must be taken into account when choosing shoes for your jump. Clothing must be chosen with long sleeves and trousers, even if it is the height of summer.
Summer weather
The most important thing is that the wind is less than 6 m/s. The plane will also not be able to take off if mud has damaged the takeoff field. It is advisable that there is no thunderstorm, but you can jump in the rain, but dragging a wet parachute after landing is difficult.
Briefing
Before the flight, first-time students are given detailed instructions. Sometimes it drags on for a long time, so it’s better to take food with you for the whole day. During the briefing, general recommendations are given, the purpose of the main parts of the parachute system is explained, and the main aspects of the jump are trained. Many people remember the famous “bedside table”, one and a half meters high, on which landings are practiced.
We put on parachutes
It should be noted right away that parachutes go through several stages of testing and are stowed for first-timers by professionals, so there is no need to be afraid of “non-deployment”, it is better to focus on more important things.
First-time jumps are carried out using landing parachute systems (D-1-5U, D-5, D-6, etc.).
D1-5U weighs 17.5 kg. Dome area 82.5 m2 The design of the parachute is simple and reliable in operation. It has been tested by long-term experience of mass operation. It has one significant advantage that distinguishes it from others - it does not require forced disclosure, i.e. pulling out the ring. The parachute opens itself after the person exits the plane. For some, this psychological benefit is more important than weight, handling and softness.
D-6 - a parachute with forced (manual) opening and pulling out the ring three seconds after the jump. Weight 11.5 kg. The dome area is 83 m2.
Part of this parachute is a stabilizing system (jellyfish). The main function of the system is to stabilize the parachutist's position before opening the main canopy. It also performs the functions of a pilot chute, i.e. pulls out the main parachute. The halyard (rail) is attached at one end to a metal cable on the plane, and at the other end it clings to the jellyfish's carabiner. When jumping, the rope tightens, breaks the restraining thread and opens a small parachute (this same jellyfish). The opening of the jellyfish triggers the safety device, which counts down three seconds and opens the main parachute, of course, if the paratrooper forgot to pull the ring. In order not to lose the ring, an elastic band is tied to it, through which the hand is threaded.
The reserve is intended for use in case of failure of the main parachute.
The spare tire is also equipped with a safety device, which is turned on before jumping on the plane. It must be turned off if the main canopy has opened correctly, otherwise you will have to land with two parachutes. To do this, you need to pull out the red-red ribbon from a special loop no lower than 300 m.
For almost unrealistic cases of failure to deploy the main parachute and failure of the safety device of the reserve, it can be deployed using a ring or a special cable.
Fixing a parachute on a person
In order not to fall out of the system when the parachute opens, it is fitted very tightly to the body. A large backpack with the main parachute is put on the stove and secured. It is secured with straps on the chest and legs. The rigidity is adjusted by the side straps. A bag is also attached for later folding of the parachute. At the very end of the equipment, a reserve parachute is fixed in the form of a small bag with a red metal bracket, with a total weight of 5 kg. All this splendor is complemented by a parachute-motorcycle helmet.
In this form it is quite difficult to move on the ground, but that is not why he dresses.
In airplane
Before landing, parachutists are divided by weight - the heaviest must jump first. The plane makes circles over the airfield, gaining altitude quite quickly, which can cause your ears to become blocked.
The releaser (instructor) attaches the pilot halyards of the stabilizing parachutes of all jumpers to a metal cable, explains to each person his turn on his fingers, opens the hatch, determines the strength and direction of the wind (throws a zero).
The command to prepare to jump sounds - these are 2 short siren calls. There is very little time for preparation - only a few seconds, otherwise you will have to collect paratroopers in the area of several kilometers.
The main thing here is to follow the instructor’s signals. He shows with signs who should get ready. The paratroopers one by one approach the open door, the left leg stands on the edge of the door, the right, half-bent, is slightly behind. You need to shift your weight to your right leg and not look out of the plane.
The instructor starts the belay device on the spare tire. Hands should be crossed over the chest. After a long siren, after waiting for a pat on the shoulder and the command “Go!”, you separate. Good luck!
The height of the parachutists' drop is 800 meters and the ground from the plane looks like just a map. The speed of the aircraft during release is 160 km/h. At the moment of the jump, people disappear in the eyes of those remaining on the plane “to nowhere”; they are simply instantly blown away by the air flow. This can cause shock and fear in some people, so it is better to know this in advance. After all, according to the instructions, the plane must arrive empty. Those who refuse to jump are thrown out.
Bounce
"Let's go!" A soft but sharp blow from the oncoming flow spins the paratrooper in free fall at a speed of 50 m/sec. The free fall lasts three seconds - the halyard pulls out the “jellyfish” (stabilizing parachute), at this moment you need to group and start counting: “521, 522, 523”. This accumulation of numbers is used to prevent an excited parachutist, finding himself overboard the plane, from blurting out “one-two-three” in one breath. Then, with all its strength, the ring is pulled out and after another two seconds it gently jerks you (dynamic shock), this means that the parachute has opened. At this point the fall slows down significantly. If the ring is forgotten, the parachute will open the safety system.
If the jump is carried out on an “oak”, then you just need to count five seconds from the moment of separation and check the opening. To check the canopy opening, look up over your shoulder. This is very difficult to do - the tight lines and helmet get in the way. If the canopy has opened and opened well, turn off the safety system of the reserve parachute (by removing the red-red tape). In case of failure to deploy (this is already an emergency situation), pull the reserve parachute ring.
Then fly for three minutes and enjoy! The first thing that strikes you from the moment the parachute opens is absolute silence! This happens because the ears are accustomed to the roar of the engine, and in the void at an altitude of 600 meters, sounds from the ground practically do not reach. But it is precisely at this time that the skydiver experiences the most pleasant sensations, for which it is worth jumping! It is necessary to remember about the safe distance between parachutists, especially in windy weather. Twisting the lines of two parachutes can cause an accident.
How to pilot a parachute if it is manned
Piloting the parachute correctly is very important for landing, otherwise, at best, you can break your legs.
Red lines. Pulling the right one will turn you to the right, and pulling the left one will turn you left. And you need to turn around to face the wind. The fact is that when a parachutist flies downwind, the speed of descent is added to the speed of the wind. If you turn against the wind, then the horizontal speed is subtracted from the vertical. And this is exactly what is needed.
Also, before landing, from about the height of the eighth floor, you need to start bending the leading edge of the parachute, because when moving against the wind, this allows you to reduce the speed.
Landing
The most serious stage in the jump. The falling speed is five meters per second and approximately ten meters from the ground, the horizon, which remained visually motionless during the flight, jumps sharply upward.
At this moment, you need to group: bring your legs together, at an angle of 30 degrees to the vertical axis of the person, place your feet parallel to the ground, press your chin to your chest. When landing, you should not look at the horizon, but only at your feet. The front straps of the parachute must be pulled down to reduce the horizontal speed.
When landing, be sure to touch the ground with both feet at the same time, otherwise an uneven load may be placed on the legs and, as a result, a leg fracture. To soften the blow, the parachutist falls on his back or side.
After falling to 85 sq. meters filled with air did not drag you into unknown distances, it is necessary to extinguish the dome. To do this, you need to forcefully pull on the lower lines, as if knocking it down.
Landing in extreme conditions
The most dangerous thing is splashdown. Approaching the water, you need to quickly and consistently unhook the reserve parachute, unfasten the leg straps, remove one hand from the shoulder strap, free yourself from the chest strap and at a height of two to three meters, slipping out of the second strap, try to dive as deep as possible and swim further to the canopy of the main parachute did not have time to cover you completely.
When entering a forest zone, you need to cover your face with crossed arms, turning your veins inward, try to push off with tense legs against tree trunks and try to get closer to the ground faster. If the canopy becomes entangled in the branches, the parachutist must hang quietly and peacefully and wait for help.
When landing on the roofs of buildings, the main thing is to have time to run up and push off from the plane of the building before the dome goes out.
Folding the parachute
After landing, the canopy is assembled so that, together with the backpack and slings, it can fit in a special bag that is attached to the chest. To prevent the slings from getting tangled, they are tied “infinitely”, loop by loop, resulting in something similar to a rope, which then easily unravels. First, the backpack and slings are folded into a bag, then the canopy itself is rolled up in several layers. With this belongings you need to go to the parachute packing site; in the best case, a special car will pick you up.
All. All that remains is to decide on your first jump. And then a sea of delight and happiness is guaranteed to you!